Njira yoyambira yothandizira kuphika madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zaukadaulo kuti mupatule, chotsani ndikusinthanso, kapena kuwasintha kukhala zinthu zosavulaza kuti muyeretse madzi.
Pali njira zambiri zochizira chimbudzi, zomwe zimawerengedwa m'magulu anayi, kuti kuchitira zachilengedwe, mankhwalawa, mankhwalawa komanso chithandizo chachilengedwe.
1. Kuchiza kwachilengedwe
Kudzera mu kagayidwe ka tizilombo toyambitsa microorganisms, zodetsa zoikika mu mawonekedwe a mayankho, ma colloids ndi kuyimitsidwa bwino mu madzi onyowa kumasinthidwa kukhala zinthu zokhazikika komanso zosavulaza. Malinga ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, chithandizo chachilengedwe chitha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: Aerobic fimalogical chithandizo ndi anaerobic chilengedwe.
Njira ya aerobici yachidziwitso imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuchizira zachilengedwe. Malinga ndi njira zosiyana siyana, njira yachidziwitso ya aerobic ficlogical imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: njira yoyendetsera Sludge ndi njira ya biofilmm. Kuyambitsa sludge njira yokhayo ndi mankhwala, imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwira ntchito. Chithandizo cha chithandizo cha njira ya biofilm chimaphatikizaponso biofilil, kuphatikizika kwachilengedwe, zokhala ndi bedi lamagetsi, etc. Njira yosinthira zachilengedwe njira yachilengedwe. Anaerobic zachilengedwe mankhwalawa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwachilengedwe, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuchiritsa mwamphamvu zonyansa kwambiri ndi sludge.
2. Chithandizo chathupi
Njira zolekanitsa ndikubwezeretsa zopanda pake kuyimitsidwa (kuphatikiza filimu yamafuta ndi madontho a mafuta) mu madzi olekanitsidwa ndi njira zolekanitsidwa, njira yolekanitsa ya Centerrifigal. Magawo ovomerezeka omwe ali m'gulu la kupatuka kwa mphamvu yake amangokhala ndi malo opumira, kuyandama kwa mpweya), ndi zina zofananira. Kulekanitsidwa kwa centrifugal ndi mtundu wa mankhwala othandizira, zida zosinthira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga centrifuge ndi hydrocyclone, etc.; Njira yokhayo yosungirako pachiwonetsero ili ndi mayunitsi awiri okonzedwera: kusungidwa kwa Grid zedi ndi kufesa. Zoyambazo zimagwiritsa ntchito grids ndi zojambulazo, pomwe omaliza amagwiritsa ntchito mafayilo amchenga ndi ma piffeoment zofananira ndi njira yosinthira kutentha komanso njira yake yochizirana.
3. Mankhwala othandizira mankhwala
Njira yothandizira madzi otayira madzi omwe amalekanitsa ndikuchotsa zodetsedwa komanso zosungunulira zosungunuka mu madzi kapena kuzisintha kukhala zinthu zosavulaza kudzera pakusintha kwa mankhwala. Mu njira yothandizira mankhwala, mayunitsi opangira mankhwala kutengera mankhwala a dosing: coagulation, netkoralization, redox, etc.; Pomwe masinthidwe ogwiritsira ntchito kusamutsa misa ndi: kuchotsa, kuvula, adsorption, electrodialysis, electrodialysis ukadaulo wophatikizidwa ndi ma membrane molunjika. Pakati pawo, mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito kusamutsa misa ali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mogwirizana ndi njira ina, motero itha kudzipatula ndi njira ina ya mankhwala, yotchedwa njira yamankhwala.
chithunzi
Njira Yodziwika Kuchiza
1. Madzi onyansa
Zizindikiro zopindika monga zinthu zamafuta, codcr ndi bod5 mu zinyalala zamadzimadzi ndizokwera kwambiri. Njira za chithandizo zimaphatikizapo timbale acima, centrifugation kapena solvent. Njira yodulira acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndikuwonjezera h2SO4 kuti musinthe mtengo wa pH mpaka 3-4 h, mafuta pang'onopang'ono amayandama kuti apange mafuta. Kubwezeretsanso mafuta kumatha kufikira 96%, ndipo kuchotsedwa kwa codcr kuli kopitilira 92%. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'madzi omwe ali ndi 8-10g / l, ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'madzi ndi ochepera 0,1 g / l. Mafuta owonekerawo amakonzedwa ndikusinthidwa kukhala mafuta osakanikirana omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga sopo.
2. Kudula kwa tsitsi ndi kuchotsa tsitsi
Kuchotsa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa tsitsi kumali ndi mapuloteni, laimu, sodium sulfide, kuyimitsidwa zokwanira, 28% ya C2-,% yonse ya S2-5% ya S25% ya S2. Njira zochizira zimaphatikizapo acidication, mphamvu yamankhwala ndi oxidation.
Njira ya acidi yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Pansi pa zovuta zoyipa, onjezani H2SO4 kuti musinthe mtengo wa PH mpaka 4-4.5, amapanga mpweya wa H2S, utengere ndi Naoh yankho, ndikupanga ma alfulid alkali kuti agwiritsenso ntchito. Ma protein osungunuka omwe adadzipatula mu madzi otayika amasefedwa, kutsukidwa, ndikuwuma. kukhala chinthu. Chiwerengero chochotsa chisungunuke chimatha kupitilira 90%, ndipo codcr ndi ss zimachepetsedwa ndi 85% ndi 95% motsatana. Mtengo wake ndi wotsika, ntchito yopanga ndizosavuta, yosavuta kuwongolera, ndipo mapangidwe amafupikitsidwa.
3..
Wodetsa wamkulu wa madzi a chrome aphuka ndi CR3 +, kuchuluka kwa misa ndi pafupifupi 3-4g / l, ndipo mtengo wa pH ndiofooka. Njira zochizira zimaphatikizapo mpweya wa alkali ndikubwezeretsa mwachindunji. 90% ya zojambula zapakhomo gwiritsani ntchito njira zopangira alkali, kuwonjezera laimu, sodium hydroxide, etc. kuthira ndi kusiyiratu kuti mupeze snomium-exum
Pakuchita, mtengo wa pH ndi 8.2-8.5, ndipo mpweya wabwino uli wabwino 40 ° C. Mpweya wa alkali ndi magnesium oxide, chiwonetsero chobwezeretsa cromium ndi 99%, ndi kuchuluka kwa chromium m'masempha ochepera 1 mg / l. Komabe, njirayi ndiyoyenera kwa manyowa akuluakulu, komanso zodetsa monga mafuta osungunuka ndi matongani mu matope a Chrome omwe adakhudzanso kusintha kwamphamvu.
4. Madzi okwanira
4.1. Kukonzanso dongosolo: Zimaphatikizaponso malo othandizira monga grille, yowongolera tank, tank tank flot ndi thanki ya mpweya. Kukhazikika kwa zinthu zachilengedwe ndikuyimilira zokhala ndi zokongoletsa zamadzi owoneka bwino. Dongosolo la kukongoletsa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha maphikidwe amadzi ndi madzi; Chotsani ss ndikuyimitsa zolimba; Chepetsani gawo la kuwonongeka kwamphamvu ndikupanga nyengo yabwino yotsatira kwachipatala.
4.2. Dongosolo lachitetezo: Pakadali pano, oxidation ditch, sbrocal oxidation ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China, pomwe ndege imachitika, batr), bedi lamadzimadzi ndi kukwera kwa anaerobic sludge sludge (UASB).
Post Nthawi: Jan-17-2023
