M'zaka zaposachedwa, malo aulimi ku Southeast Asia, makamaka China, awona kusintha kwakukulu ndikubwera komanso kutchuka kwa makina opangira mpunga. Makina osinthira awa akumasuliranso kulima mpunga wachikhalidwe, kupereka bwino komanso kulondola, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti zikwaniritse kufunikira kokulirapo kwa mbewu zomwe zimakonda kudya. Tiyeni tifufuze zomwe zimapangitsa obzala mpunga kukhala osintha kwambiri pazaulimi ndikuwona mitundu yawo ndi mapindu awo osiyanasiyana.
KumvetsaMpunga Transplanter
Makina odzatsira mpunga ndi makina apadera opangidwa kuti azitha kuyika mbande za mpunga m'minda ya paddy. Njira yotsatirirayi sikuti imangowonjezera kubzala moyenera komanso imatha kuchulukitsa zokolola pokulitsa katalikirana kwa mbewu. Pamene mpunga ukupitilirabe kukhala mwala wapangodya ku Southeast Asia, kufunikira kwa njira zolima bwino sikunakhale kokulirapo, ndipo obzala mpunga ndiwo ali patsogolo pakusintha kwaulimi.
Mitundu ya Mpunga Transplanters
Makina opatsira mpunga amagawika m'magulu awiri: amtundu wamanja ndi okhala pansi. Mtundu uliwonse umakhala ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito ndi kukula kwamunda, motero umapereka kusinthasintha kwa ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana.
1. Zopatsira Pamanja: Zoyenera minda yaing’ono ndi kuyendetsa bwino, zopatsira pamanja zimagawidwa m’mizere ya mizere inayi ndi mizere 6, mogwirizana ndi masikelo aulimi osiyanasiyana ndi zofunika. Chitsanzo cha mizere 4, chomwe chimadziwika ndi mphamvu zake, chimalimbikitsidwa kwa alimi omwe ali ndi malo ochepa, omwe amapereka mphamvu zambiri komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito panthawi yobzala. Mosiyana ndi izi, mizere isanu ndi umodzi ndiyoyenera minda yayikulu pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa alimi kuti azitha kubzala malo ambiri munthawi yochepa pomwe amabzala moyenera.
2. Othirira Pampando: Makinawa amapereka chitonthozo chowongoleredwa ndi kuchita bwino mwa kulola ogwira ntchito kukhala pansi pomwe akuwongolera chosinthira kudzera pamakina. Ma transplanters okhala pansi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazaulimi, pomwe liwiro ndi kulondola ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Kutchuka ku Southeast Asia
Thempunga wothiraKutchuka kwake kumabwera makamaka chifukwa chotha kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe alimi amakumana nazo, monga kuchepa kwa ntchito komanso kufunikira kokulitsa zokolola. M'mayiko ngati China, kumene ulimi wa mpunga umakhala wochuluka kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito makina kumathandiza kubzala panthawi yake komanso kupititsa patsogolo zokolola. Kuphatikiza apo, obzala mpunga apeza mphamvu m'maiko ena akum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, komwe alimi ang'onoang'ono ayamba kusintha kuchoka ku njira zachikhalidwe kupita kunjira zamakina kuti akweze chuma.
Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Zopatsira Mpunga
Ubwino wa opatsira mpunga ndi wosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhudza kuthekera kwachuma komanso kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe:
Kuchita Bwino ndi Kulondola: Mwa kupanga makina obzala, zoikamo mpunga zimachepetsa kwambiri ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso nthawi yogwira ntchito zamunda, zomwe zimapangitsa alimi kuyang'ana mbali zina zofunika kwambiri zaulimi.
Zokolola Zapamwamba: Kutalikirana kokwanira komanso kuya kwa kubzala kumathandizira kuti mbewu zathanzi, motero, zokolola zambiri, zomwe ndizofunikira m'madera omwe mpunga ndi chakudya choyambirira.
Kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe: Njira zobzala bwino zingapangitse kuti madzi asamalire bwino komanso kusunga nthaka, kuonetsetsa kuti ulimi umakhala wokhazikika womwe umateteza zachilengedwe.
Mapeto
Mwachidule, kuyambitsa kwampunga wothiramakina akhazikitsa njira yatsopano yolima mpunga kumayiko akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, kuwongolera njira zaulimi zomwe zimakhala zogwira mtima, zopindulitsa komanso zokhazikika. Pamene zipangizo zamakono zikupita patsogolo, tsogolo la ulimi wa mpunga lidzakhala lotukuka kwambiri, kuthandiza alimi pamene akuyesetsa kudyetsa anthu omwe akukula. Kaya amasankha kusinthasintha kwa makina ogwiritsira ntchito pamanja kapena luso la zitsanzo zokhala pansi, oikapo mpunga amapereka chithunzithunzi chosangalatsa cha kusinthika kwa ulimi wamakono.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-25-2025
